What are Irregular Verbs?
Most English verbs are regular, i.e., they use the ending -d or -ed. But there are many verbs in English that do not obey the rules. These verbs are called Irregular verbs. There is no easy way to explain how irregular verbs change. We have to learn and memorize their forms.
Irregular Verbs Forms
All verbs excluding auxiliary verbs have four main forms, namely the base or present form, the past form, the past participle form, and the continuous or present participle. All irregular verbs in this list have been divided into three categories. The first category includes verbs that are the same in all three forms. The second category includes all those irregular verbs in which two of their forms (past and past participle) are the same. In the third category, all three forms are different.
List of irregular verbs which do not change form.
| Present | Past | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| Bet | Bet | Bet |
| Broadcast | Broadcast | Broadcast |
| Bid | Bid | Bid |
| Bust | Bust | Bust |
| Burst | Burst | Burst |
| Cast | Cast | Cast |
| Cut | Cut | Cut |
| Cost | Cost | Cost |
| Forecast | Forecast | Forecast |
| Hit | Hit | Hit |
| Let | Let | Let |
| Hurt | Hurt | Hurt |
| Input | Input | Input |
| Knit | Knit | Knit |
| Offset | Offset | Offset |
| Put | Put | Put |
| Preset | Preset | Preset |
| Quit | Quit | Quit |
| Recast | Recast | Recast |
| Read | Read | Read |
| Reset | Reset | Reset |
| Rid | Rid | Rid |
| Run | Run | Run |
| Set | Set | Set |
| Shit | Shit | Shit |
| Shed | Shed | Shed |
| Split | Split | Split |
| Shut | Shut | Shut |
| Sweat | Sweat | Sweat |
| Slit | Slit | Slit |
| Spread | Spread | Spread |
| Wet | Wet | Wet |
| Thrust | Thrust | Thrust |
| Wed | Wed | Wed |
| Upset | Upset | Upset |
Verbs with Past and Past Participle are Same
List of irregular verbs that have the same forms in the past and past participle.
| Present | Past | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| Become | Became | Became |
| Bend | Bent | Bent |
| Beseech | Besought | Besought |
| Behold | Beheld | Beheld |
| Bethink | Bethought | Bethought |
| Breed | Bred | Bred |
| Bleed | Bled | Bled |
| Buy | Bought | Bought |
| Burn | Burnt | Burnt |
| Bring | Brought | Brought |
| Come | Came | Came |
| Build | Built | Built |
| Catch | Caught | Caught |
| Creep | Crept | Crept |
| Cling | Clung | Clung |
| Deal | Dealt | Dealt |
| Dwell | Dwelt | Dwelt |
| Dig | Dug | Dug |
| Feed | Fed | Fed |
| Fight | Fought | Fought |
| Feel | Felt | Felt |
| Fling | Flung | Flung |
| Find | Found | Found |
| Get | Got | Got |
| Flee | Fled | Fled |
| Keep | Kept | Kept |
| Grind | Ground | Ground |
| Have | Had | Had |
| Hang | Hung | Hung |
| Kneel | Knelt | Knelt |
| Lead | Led | Led |
| Leap | Leapt | Leapt |
| Lean | Leant | Leant |
| Light | Lit | Lit |
| Leave | Left | Left |
| Learn | learnt | learnt |
| Lend | Lent | Lent |
| Mean | Meant | Meant |
| Lose | Lost | Lost |
| Make | Made | Made |
| Meet | Met | Met |
| Plead | Pled | Pled |
| Rebuild | Rebuilt | Rebuilt |
| Remake | Remade | Remade |
| Rewind | Rewound | Rewound |
| Rend | Rent | Rent |
| Seek | Sought | Sought |
| Send | Sent | Sent |
| Shot | Shot | Shot |
| Shine | Shone | Shone |
| Shrink | Shrank | Shrank |
| Sat | Sat | Sat |
| Sling | Slung | Slung |
| Sleep | Slept | Slept |
| Sneak | Snuck | Snuck |
| Slink | Slunk | Slunk |
| Smell | Smelt | Smelt |
| Spell | Spelt | Spelt |
| Spit | Spat/spit | Spat/spit |
| Spend | Spent | Spent |
| Spoil | Spoilt | Spoilt |
| Spill | Spilt | Spilt |
| Stand | Stood | Stood |
| Stick | Stuck | Stuck |
| Sweep | Swept | Swept |
| Sting | Stung | Stung |
| String | Strung | Strung |
| Strike | Struck | Struck |
| Swing | Swung | Swung |
| Teach | Taught | Taught |
| Wend | Went | Went |
| Think | Thought | Thought |
| Weep | Wept | Wept |
| Tell | Told | Told |
| Win | Won | Won |
| Wring | Wrung | Wrung |
List of irregular verbs which have different conjugation in the past and past participle.
| Present | Past | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| Arise | Arose | Arisen |
| be (am, are) | Was /Were | Been |
| Awake | Awoke | Awoken |
| Bear | Bore | Born/Borne |
| Begin | Began | Begun |
| Befall | Befell | Befallen |
| Beat | Beat | Beaten |
| Beget | Begot | Begotten |
| Bespeak | Bespoke | Bespoken |
| Bid | Bade | Bidden |
| Betake | Betook | Betaken |
| Bite | Bit | Bitten |
| Break | Broke | Broken |
| Drink | Drank | Drunk |
| Blow | Blew | Blown |
| Drive | Drove | Driven |
| Choose | Chose | Chosen |
| Cleave | Clove | Cloven |
| Do | Did | Done |
| Draw | Drew | Drawn |
| Eat | Ate | Eaten |
| Forbid | Forbade | Forbidden |
| Fall | Fell | Fallen |
| Lie | Lay | Lain |
| Fly | Flew | Flown |
| Forget | Forgot | Forgotten |
| Forsake | Forsook | Forsaken |
| Redo | Redid | Redone |
| Forgive | Forgave | Forgiven |
| Give | Gave | Given |
| Freeze | Froze | Frozen |
| Go | Went | Gone |
| Grow | Grew | Grown |
| Partake | Partook | Partaken |
| Hide | Hid | Hidden |
| Mistake | Mistook | Mistaken |
| Know | Knew | Known |
| Mow | Mowed | Mown/Mowed |
| Ring | Rang | Rung |
| Ride | Rode | Ridden |
| Saw | Sawed | Sawn/Sawed |
| Rise | Rose | Risen |
| See | Saw | Seen |
| Sew | Sewed | Sewn/Sewed |
| Shave | Shove | Shaven |
| Shake | Shook | Shaken |
| Slay | Slew | Slain |
| Shear | Shore | Shorn |
| Sing | Sang | Sung |
| Sink | Sank | Sunk |
| Smite | Smote | Smitten |
| Spin | Spun/Span | Spun |
| Speak | Spoke | Spoken |
| Stride | Strode | Stridden |
| Spring | Sprang | Sprung |
| Stink | Stank | Stunk |
| Steal | Stole | Stolen |
| Strew | Strewed | Strewn |
| Swear | Swore | Sworn |
| Strive | Strove | Striven |
| Swim | Swam | Swum |
| Thrive | Throve | Thriven |
| Take | Took | Taken |
| Tear | Tore | Torn |
| Wear | Wore | Worn |
| Throw | Threw | Thrown |
| Undo | Undid | Undone |
| Write | Wrote | Written |
| Wake | Woke | Woken |
| Weave | Wove | Woven |